Courtesy of Dr. Susan Williams

United Nations General Assembly

Seventy-sixth session
Agenda item 131

Letter dated 25 August 2022 from the Secretary-General addressed to the President of the General Assembly

I have the honour to refer to General Assembly resolution 74/248 concerning the investigation into the conditions and circumstances resulting in the tragic death of Dag Hammarskjöld and of the members of the party accompanying him on flight SE-BDY on the night of 17 to 18 September 1961.

In accordance with paragraph 1 of resolution 74/248, in March 2020 I reappointed Mohamed Chande Othman as Eminent Person to continue to review the information received and possible new information made available by Member States, including by individuals and private entities, to assess its probative value and to draw conclusions from the investigations already conducted. Owing to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, in December 2020 the General Assembly decided, with my support, to extend the mandate of the Eminent Person, and also requested me to report to the Assembly before the end of the seventy-sixth session on progress that had been made.

I recall that I had previously appointed Mr. Othman as Eminent Person for successive periods in 2018 and 2017, pursuant to General Assembly resolutions 72/252 and 71/260, respectively, and I reported to the General Assembly on progress made in 2019 (A/73/973) and 2017 (A/71/1042). I also recall that I had previously appointed Mr. Othman as Head of the Independent Panel of Experts, established in accordance with Assembly resolution 69/246.

I renew my profound gratitude to the Eminent Person. The United Nations is indebted to him for this exemplary and consequential work in the pursuit of the full truth concerning the tragic event.

I am encouraged that the Eminent Person has received significant new information and that further advancements in the body of relevant knowledge have been made, following the review of many thousands of pages of records and forensic tests and consultation with experts. I note that such new information includes the areas of probable intercepts by Member States of relevant communications; the capacity of the armed forces of Katanga, or others, to have conducted a possible attack on flight SE-BDY; the presence in the area of foreign paramilitary and intelligence personnel; and further new information relevant to the context and surrounding events of 1961.

As in the 2019 report, the Eminent Person assesses that it remains plausible that an external attack or threat was a cause of the crash. I take note of the conclusion by the Eminent Person that it would not be reasonable at this point to reach a conclusion as to the cause of the tragic event based on presently available but incomplete information. At the same time, I am encouraged by the conclusion of the Eminent Person that, given the growing body of evidence, there remain only a limited number of hypotheses to explain what occurred on that fateful night.

I wish to express my gratitude to Member States, independent high-ranking officials appointed by Member States (Independent Appointees) to conduct reviews of their intelligence, security and defense files and private individuals and entities for their cooperation with the Eminent Person and their willingness to provide additional information.

I am encouraged that key Member States have committed at a high level to full cooperation and provided assurances that search requests have or will engage appropriate security, intelligence and defense agencies, and that Independent Appointees from a number of Member States have provided, and may provide in future, additional information. I am also encouraged by the significant information that has been provided to the Eminent Person by private individuals and non-governmental entities.

At the same time, the Eminent Person notes that: (a) no significant information has been provided by key Member States since mid-2017; (b) it is almost certain that further relevant information exists, including radio or other communications; (c) Member States have yet to discharge their burden of proof to show that they have conducted a full review of their records and archives resulting in full disclosure; (d) Independent Appointees may need more time to provide information; and (e) it would be neither judicious nor responsible to reach a conclusion without the benefit of all potentially material information, in circumstances where such information has been shown to be almost certain to exist.

Accordingly, I support the recommendation of the Eminent Person that the United Nations appoint an independent person to continue the work undertaken pursuant to the current mandate of the Eminent Person. I also support the Eminent Person’s recommendation that key Member States be again urged to appoint or reappoint Independent Appointees to determine whether relevant information exists in their security, intelligence and defense archives. More broadly, I call on Member States to ensure comprehensive access to all archives and provide relevant information, more than 60 years after the tragic event, and agree with the proposal of the Eminent Person that potential modes of disclosure and conditions of confidentiality be offered to Member States, without necessarily requiring that relevant information be disclosed in full or publicly.

I also support the Eminent Person’s recommendation that all Member States be encouraged to make assistance available to the independent person, including forensic analysis or other research.

Finally, I support the recommendation of the Eminent Person that the United Nations continue to work towards making key documents of the Dag Hammarskjöld investigation publicly available through a dedicated online collection, including documents pertaining to the 1961 United Nations Commission on Investigation, the 2013 Hammarskjöld Commission, the 2015 United Nations Independent Panel of Experts and the 2017 and 2019 reports of the Eminent Person, as well as his present report.

It remains our shared responsibility to pursue, with renewed urgency, the full truth of what happened on that fateful night in 1961. We owe this to Dag Hammarskjöld, to the members of the party accompanying him and to their respective families. We owe this also to the United Nations. I consider this to be our solemn duty and I will do everything I can to support this endeavour.

I call on the General Assembly to remain seized of the matter and to endorse the report of the Eminent Person and his recommendations, as discussed above.

(Signed) António Guterres

DOWNLOAD AND READ THE COMPLETE REPORT HERE:

N2244798

 

[Special thanks to Bill Simpich, Larry Schnapf, Mark Adamzyk, Jefferson Morley and Rex Bradford]

 

RELATED: Jefferson Morley on CNN

 

Rolando Cubela, Cuban revolutionary who became involved in a CIA plot to assassinate Castro –

Fidel Castro and Rolando Cubela during a more convivial time in their relationship.

He was equipped with a poison-filled pen but plans were aborted after Kennedy’s assassination and some suspected he was a double agent. He was a Cuban revolutionary leader who played a vital part in the Cuban Revolution, having been a founding member of the Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil and later the military leader of the DRE’s Escambray Mountain front,^[1] achieving the rank of Commander, the highest military rank in the Revolutionary Army. After the Revolution succeeded in 1959, Cubela became Cuba’s envoy to UNESCO. Under the cryptonym AM/LASH, Cubela became “an important asset” of the Central Intelligence Agency, and worked with them on plots to assassinate Fidel Castro.^[2] In 1966, Cubela was arrested for plotting the assassination of Castro, and sentenced to 25 years in prison. Released in 1979, he went into exile in Spain.

Cubela was born in Cienfuegos, Cuba, on 19 January 1933,^[3][4] though many sources incorrectly cite 1932.^[5][6] In 1955 Cubela was a founding member of the Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil (DRE), and was one of eight members of its Executive Council.^[7] In 1956 Cubela was part of a DRE group which attempted to assassinate Santiago Rey Perna, a member of President Fulgencio Batista‘s cabinet; Perna was absent at the time of the attack and the group instead assassinated Antonio Blanco Rico,^[8] head of Cuban military intelligence.^[5] The incident prompted Chief of National Police Rafael Salas Canizares to assault the Haitian embassy in Havana, where some revolutionaries were seeking political asylum; Canizares and ten revolutionaries were killed.^[8] After the assassination, Cubela went into exile in the United States in late 1956, returning to Cuba in 1958.^[5]

In mid-1958, Cubela was disputing leadership of the Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil with Eloy Gutiérrez Menoyo. Menoyo had developed the Escambray Mountain front which was the center of DRE activity after the failed March 1957 coup attempt in Havana; but Menoyo had joined the DRE more recently whilst Cubela was a founding member. Cubela was ultimately recognized as DRE military leader, and Menoyo left the organization.^[1] Menoyo formed the Segundo Frente del Escambray, a group that continued the fight against Batista. Years later, after the triumph of the Revolution, many of the Segundo Frente members fought against the new regime of Fidel Castro.^[9] Cubela leading the DRE was wounded in the Battle of Santa Clara.^[5]

After the Cuban Revolution, Cubela was appointed Deputy Secretary in the Ministry of Government in 1959, and in October was elected head of the Federación Estudiantíl Universitaria. Cubela made significant contributions in the early months of the revolutionary government to the reconciliation of the different revolutionary groups, and in 1960 to the merger of various youth and student groups.^[5] In summer 1960, Cubela met an old friend, Carlos Tepedino, who was by then working for the CIA under the cryptonym AMWHIP.^[5] After Cuban leader Fidel Castro had – in Cubela’s view – betrayed the revolution and established a communist dictatorship, Cubela became disenchanted and started plotting with the CIA and other opponents of the Castro regime to try to end Castro’s government and return to a non-socialist course for the country.^[9]

Cubela later became “an important asset” of the Central Intelligence Agency under the cryptonym AM/LASH, and worked with them on plots to assassinate Fidel Castro.^[2] In October 1963, Cubela met with Desmond Fitzgerald, head of the CIA’s Special Affairs Staff, in Paris, over the objections of some SAS staff who considered Cubela a possible dangle or at least a security risk.^[10] At another Paris meeting, on 22 November 1963, Cubela received a “poison pen” – a fountain pen with a hypodermic needle to be used to inject Castro with a poison.^[11] Nevertheless, Cubela was insisting on a meeting with US Attorney General Robert Kennedy before proceeding with the assassination of Castro. The CIA cautious of “plausible deniability” stalled. In June 1965, however, the Agency terminated its relationship with Cubela “for reasons related to security”.^[12]

On 28 February 1966, Castro summoned Cubela to his office, and had him arrested for plotting to kill the head of state. The prosecution did not refer to Cubela’s pre-1964 CIA contacts or activities, including the 1963 poison pen episode, limiting evidence to 1964–5 activities.^[13] After Castro petitioned the court to avoid the death penalty, Cubela was sentenced to 25 years in prison.^[14] After his pardon by Castro and his release in 1979,^[15] he went into exile to Spain, and became a physician.^{[16][page needed]} He spent the last years of his life in Miami, Florida, where he did not participate in the political activities of the Cuban exile community.^[17]

He died on 24 August 2022 at a hospital in Doral, Florida, United States.^[18]

— From Wikipedia

David R. Wrone|21 August, 2022

Mute Stones

There are times, however few, when even mute stones can teach lost folk and even inform wizen pols. They can in crisis impart an appeal for urgent reform and urge the politicos to apply balm to make whole our wounded Gilead our plighted country.  Once in an odd, serendipitous moment in the nation’s capital I wandered into an instance where stones carried a mighty lesson.  But the age-old problem raises its head of whether anyone in their helter-skelter busy life saw it.  That is a hard question to answer.

One day in February 1970, in Washington D. C. this idea came crowding through my mind as I looked through a dusty window on the 2^nd floor of an old brick building at 918 F Street that had that had just become a new home for the office and many records of the peripatetic Assassination Archives and Research Center, an organization concerned with political murders.  I was looking into an over one-hundred-year-old alley whose silent stones held a history with great political meaning.

Late in the evening of April 14, 1865, a horse had come thundering over those very cobble stones bearing a dybbuk with a broken leg, the sleazy and narcissistic actor John Wilkes Booth.  Earlier at 10:15 an addled Fate had ruled his actions when he had snuck into Ford’s Theater presidential box; There sat Abraham Lincoln. He could slip in because the throat of the guard who had been ordered to sit outside the door had become parched and whiskey pulled him from his chair to go down stairs to the bar to quaff his thirst.

Booth fired a single, terribly wounding, .44 caliber bullet from his Derringer into the head of Lincoln, jumped to the stage floor from the box seat, but caught his leg on some drapery, and landed badly on the boards, breaking his femur. Lincoln died the next morning at 7:22, the time ever after used by horologists to set display time pieces.

When news reached the far away Illinois prairies shocked friends who had known him for 25 years and had held him in the highest esteem were stunned.  In one village, Clinton, where he had from time-to-time on a legal circuit practiced law, a wealthy land owner citizen uttered ‘“Our Christ-like leader” has fallen.’ The Irish revolutionary editor of the paper that Lincoln had weekly mailed to him in Washington was beside himself with grief. And, a child wept in the street.  On the far away battlefields in Virginia when the news came of the wretched act, desperate generals feared for a moment they could not hold in check their maddened troops, who fain would revolt and march on the capital to destroy what they (falsely) perceived to be a rebel dastardly coup d’état launched with the killing of the man whom they adored beyond all measure.

Booth had hobbled to the theater’s back door, pushed through it, mounted his tethered horse, and galloped down the alley to F street, turned right to pass 918 and escaped. 12 days later with Modoc tenacity Union soldiers had finally trapped the Wiskanupic* in a rustic wooden tobacco barn in Virginia.

To drive him out they set it afire. One Sgt. Boston Corbett of the 16th N. Y. Cavalry sighting through the belching flames and roiling smoke of an opening in the plank wall slats spied him.  A decidedly odd man, certifiably Jesus-mad, who a few years before in the midst of anguish over unchristian sexual urges, in his room had with scissors snipped off his offending private parts.  Through the fire he shot and killed the assassin.

Today, Washington has not forgotten this man Lincoln who had saved the nation; several businesses now thrive on the coin that they pluck from tourists by exploiting his death and Booth’s flight. Where profit is, therefore is their country and morality is an orphan. Around the District also there are several places and memorials devoted to coining Lincoln, for what is the nation’s savior worth if not to make them some money.

Several statues are dedicated to him. One infused the soul of the recently arrived new Wisconsin Congressman Fighting Bob LaFollette who as he looked up at it, vowed to buckle on his armor and burnish his shield to fight the good fight for a better world. Like Horatio’s fabled stand at the bridge, he would years later come home wreathed in glory, on his shield. to a state wrapped in sorrow.

Odds and ends of the Lincoln assassination clutter several of the district’s 100 museums and art galleries. Here a pistol, there a fragment.  In one a blood- stained cloth from Lincoln’s autopsy that a corrupt Navy medical officer assisting in the 1963 autopsy of President John F. Kennedy said he saw with blood on it; he peddled to the beguiled nation as his excuse for lying along with a pox of Navy admirals about why he burned the first draft of JFK’s autopsy in his home fireplace. He did not want JFK’s blood-stained document around for the ages to see and ponder and gawk at.

For the second draft he also used stuff from the local newspaper (!) that apparently Naval medical schools must have taught him, a singularly act and every fact in it in gross error.  He also as well as invented, just conjured these Oswald damming facts. He missed two of the bullet wounds (!). His corruption arose when he had heard the claimed assassin L. H. Oswald had been shot and fortuitously the military knew there would be no cross examination of their role in the autopsy.  So, in addition to medical knowledge he had crime detection knowledge, a Sherlock Holmes in green medical scrubs

We must note the place of the hanging of the gang that conspired with Booth occurred in the district area with several of the soldiers guarding the group Menominee Indians from Wisconsin who had months earlier been “piped into service” and rushed to the battle front in a week without training of any kind.

To focus merely on Lincoln’s murder though is a diversion from the bloody realty that help define the nature of the District of Columbia, which I think must be the most violent actual and celebrating one on earth.  There were several assassinations. Ambassador Orlando Leterrier was blown up on embassy row, President James Garfield was shot and killed at the railroad station on 12th street. The nation suffered no loss for he was a man without moral compass and a common murderer who when his staff told him the Sioux Indians were starving from his troops having cooped them and then denied rations, famously remarked “let them starve.”

* * *

Puerto Rican nationalists blew up five Congressmen.  A statue to Martin Luther King, Jr., murdered by persons unknown stands on the mall, paintings of assassinated President McKinley killed in Buffalo hangs in galleries as Mammon worshippers’ a fond tribute to a fellow swine. Near the far side of the polluted Potomac River rests the graves of President John Kennedy and his brother Robert each shot by unknown persons in faraway cities.

In the District are statues marking some of our many wars, WWI, WWII, Korea, Vietnam, Revolution. There are 17 memorials and statues to military around the area, a massive war building in the Pentagon and several forts. Also, there are so many statues to generals and other professional soldiers sprinkled around the several score are sometimes referred to as a cast iron regiment.

There is also to be found a statue to Daniel Boone driving a knife into a Shawnee Indian and a political propaganda frieze of future VP Richard Johnson in a battle killing the Indian leader Tecumseh who had dared to retain a fragment of his original land for his beleaguered tribe. (RJ’s role was a simple federal lie, someone else did and he just took the glory, after all he was a general. His troops with unalloyed joy mutilated dead Indians and cut off body parts for souvenirs—fingers, ears, jawbones, scrotums, skin for strops, etc.

In the capitol dome are friezes of one of history’s most despicable persons, Hernan Desoto.  He landed with a force in the southern area of the future nation with a military force and proceeded to war against Indians.  He fed his war dogs on Indian prisoners of war.

There are numerous sites where anti-war protests, war riots, crowed control by armed force have occurred.

There is one to Andrew Jackson who is infamous as a war leader for his sneak into then Spanish Florida capturing a Creek Indian chief who had just saved an American officer from execution and freed him.  Jackson hung the pagan savage.  He later as president in D. C. beat off a deranged attacker whose pistols aimed at him unfortunately misfired.

There are various statues in the Statuary Hall that qualify.

In addition, in the Archives we have the heads of 100,000 Indians and of many more skeletons.

 

 

 

*Wiskanupic is a Menominee Indian word for a force of evil--a bearded snake!! that comes out of the ground and does wrong.