The AARC presents a new series of lectures commemorating and honoring the legacy of President Kennedy, the inspirational meaning of his term of office, and the consequences of his assassination sixty-one years ago.
In the words of the distinguished British scholar Malcolm Blunt, “Jesus Christ, what we lost when we lost that man.”
By Bill Simpich
Good afternoon. I’m Bill Simpich, and I’m going to start by offering you a snapshot of a journalist named Kent Biffle, who was active with the Fort Worth Press, and we’re going to discuss the Fort Worth Press as a separate newspaper, and also as the Fort Worth and Dallas coverage of Oswald and things like Oswald in the four years before November 22nd because, you remember, he was a red defector and that’s the kind of man bites dog story that gets you headlines.
So, the way the story begins is that Oswald defected in the end of October 1959. And when it hit the press, the headline is “Fort Worth Man Asks Red Citizenship. Passport turned in at Moscow.” And other headlines were like “20 -year -old Marine to Renounce Citizenship,” with little quotes from Oswald. And then you will see, if you turn to the Fort Worth paper someday, a photo of a gentleman who looks like Oswald with a woman and a little girl all looking at the newspaper. The gentleman looks like Lee Oswald, but in fact it’s the best Lee Oswald double you could ever ask for. It’s Robert Oswald, and that’s his wife, Vada, and their daughter, with the headline, “Brothers’ Turn to Reds Puzzles Fort Worth Man.”
These are examples of the press coverage that was being obtained, and the fellow who wrote two articles in particular during this time of November is a man named Kent Biffle. He was an informant with the FBI a couple years later in ‘61 on the mafia side of things, answering to Robert Barrett. And he wrote articles not just for the Fort Worth Press, but also the Fort Worth star telegram. Then later we’ll find him with the Dallas Morning News. Kent wrote an article on the 1st of November saying, “Fort Worther may become Russian, so he can write about experience.” Then, about the 16th of that month, he actually tried to place a three -way call to Lee Oswald in Moscow while his mother was hiding on the other end. And so, the FBI taped it, wiretap, if you will. And in the stories, you’ll see that Lee says hello, hello, and he hears his mother’s voice and he flips and he hangs up on her. So, the headline is, “Moscow Phone Went Dead, Turncoat Hangs Up on Mother.” And that word “turncoat” is highly charged. I saw it again and again in the stories and the term itself, which was not unknown, but was popularized around the Oswald case by Kent Biffle. And Lee Oswald clipped Kent’s story, and it can be found in his possessions. He wrote about it when he wrote John Connally asking for his discharge to be upgraded.
So, very significant article. Fascinating information about this case during November ‘59 is I found one clip in the Star-Telegram actually stating that the remainder of this dispatch was held in censorship. It’s kind of a overflow from the censorship of World War II but it’s still jarring to see a story about Oswald or anybody for that matter in 1959 being withheld through censorship. Kind of mind boggling.
So, I’m gonna step up the story now because Kent did write a story in ’62 when Oswald came back. So, it’s not like he dropped the ball on him. And in fact, Marguerite tracked with Kent and used the Fort Worth Star-Telegram as a dropping off place for her mail and her phone calls in the 1960 period, which is quite amazing when you think about it. And it’s not to say that Marguerite is some kind of spy. Rather, it’s to say that Marguerite, who I have a lot of faith in as a witness, and I think she really got a bad rap as a woman and as an older woman and as a working -class woman from even the research community, but especially, of course, from the press who seized every opportunity to denigrate her. She was working very closely with Biffle. Biffle was paying her money to give him stories and that’s why she was so eager to work with them because she was so poor. She was as poor as she could be and she worked with a lot of prominent people taking care of their kids. She took care of the mayor of Arlington’s kids, and she took care of the Fort Worth Star-Telegram’s publisher’s kids, the Carters, Amon Carter, Jr. And Mr. Carter was considered the, you know, the dean of Fort Worth. Lee Oswald even went to his camp, it was called the Carter camp. And she worked at Carter’s house until 11 days before the 22nd of November. And I bring all this up to show just how prominent this defection of Lee Oswald was in Fort Worth and Dallas alike.
Now, I want to close this portion with Mr. Biffle by the last days before November 22nd. And, in particular, I want to focus on a quote from Tom Dillard who worked for the Dallas Press. He was a photographer. His quote is this, “So, at Love Field everything went fine up to the point that the whole day became a great frustration for a photographic person. First thing, parades were usually handled with a flatbed truck for pool and certain selected photographic personnel to ride in front of the presidential car in presidential parades.” Again, to ride in front of the presidential car in presidential parades. “That was cancelled at the last minute. We were put in Chevrolet convertibles to ride several cars back. I think we were about six cars back. Bob Jackson and I and a couple other boys were in this parade. This put us totally out of the picture.”
And I’ve got these photos courtesy of Vince Palamara from Mexico City and Nashville and a variety of other locales, all showing the president behind the photo cars. The photo car is in front and then the presidential car follows and you can see JFK waving to the crowd in all these other towns, but we don’t have that photo in Dallas. Why not? It’s because, in my opinion, the Secret Service fellow changed the order of the motorcade and put the press people in the back and, I say, specifically so there wouldn’t be good photos of the president getting shot up.
Now I’ve got another press clip I’m gonna just give you the headlines for these. these. This headlines from the Dallas Morning News since November 15, 1963. And it says, “Tight Schedule, JFK Motorcade Seems Unlikely.” Goes on to say, “Despite numerous requests, the Chamber of Commerce says prospects for motorcade there aren’t too bright. A tight schedule and security regulations stand in the way.” Now, after that, I’ve got another clip. This time it’s from Kent Biffle two days later on the 17th. It says, “Incident Free Day, Urged for JFK Visit.” And Kent’s lead paragraph is, “Dallas leaders urged Saturday against any demonstrations or incidents during President Kennedy’s visit here Friday.” And, sure enough, on November 19th, two days later, it was confirmed that not only would there be a motorcade, but they print right in black and white what the directions of the motorcade are gonna be: “The motorcade will then pass through downtown on Harwood and then west on Main, turning back on to Elm at Houston, and then out Stemmons Freeway.”
I mean, you’re talking about press here and security? Here’s another article the next day in the Dallas Morning News. This is the 20th of November:
“Breakfast entry due by way of kitchen. President Kennedy is insured of a cook’s tour prior to making his appearance Friday at a Hotel Texas breakfast in his honor.”
That was the 22nd, morning of, in Fort Worth.
“The Secret Service, which guards the president, has laid out the most direct route for the Kennedys to take from the elevator to the grand ballroom. It’s through the kitchen.”
Can you imagine telling the public what the entryway is going to be through the kitchen? Absolutely outrageous.
At the same time, here’s James Yule. Now it’s one day before November 22nd. Yule is the police press liaison, and he’s privy to all the inside skinny from the press that kind of work, frankly, that Jerry Hill used to do. Yule reports that more than 400 officers, including 40 State patrolmen will be deployed for Friday’s presidential visit in what police officials described Wednesday as the most elaborate security arrangements ever made here. And they get into all the details, about 40 State officers, 13 Dallas County Sheriff’s officers, a police detail of 250, just spilling all the beans, unbelievable.
And sure enough, you know, we now have access to the Secret Service lineup for the motorcade. And we know that the presidential limousine, I should say, was number four, and that the National Press camera car was about six back in number 10, and this main camera car again moved from the front to the back of the murder case so JFK could not be photographed.
Vince Palamara blames Floyd Boring in Washington for the Secret Service for this move, saying that Winston Lawson on the ground merely executed Boring’s plan, which was spelled out three days before the assassination. And now, four day four cars beyond the camera car all the way near the back, there’s a local press pool car and after the cameraman and who’s in there but none other than Kent Biffle himself and other local individuals who literally crashed the motorcade, as one of them said, they “unofficially” joined the motorcade at Love Field rather than having been a planned vehicle. And this allowed Biffle, by accident or design, to be right in front of the Texas School Book Depository within moments after the assassination.
And what Biffle claims he did was he claims he ran to the grassy knoll because he thought shots might have come from there because people were running that way and then he ran right back to the front door of the Book Depository and then he ran inside the door and a man who ran inside the door supposedly the very same time as he was a photographer with a movie camera named Tom Alyea, who’s pretty well known among research community, and Alyea claims, “I ran upstairs with the Secret Service men. It boiled down to the fourth, sixth floor. They looked for the gun. I filmed 400 feet of film of the Secret Service men looking for the assassin, climbing over boxes, looking over rafters, and the actual finding of the gun.” If you can believe it, the only two men who got inside the book depository, beyond the first floor who were actually reporters, were Tom Alyea and Kent Biffle. And Kent and Tom were there for the finding of the shells and the finding of the Mannlicher-Carcano, and Alyea filmed this. Alyea threw the film out the window, then most of his film was mysteriously destroyed. We just have tiny pieces of it left. And both, most interestingly, both Biffle’s story and Alyea’s story were buried.
Alyea did not come forward and claim credit like any reporter usually would. Kent Biffle wrote an article, in fact, two articles on the 23rd of November. With his name for the Dallas Morning News and in neither one did he admit that he was up on the (sixth) floor in the 22nd. Again, you’d think he and Alyea would be touting this all over the world and instead they kept it very much to themselves. And I question why.
The article was about the assassin crouching and taking deadly aim. And I want to read a portion after Biffle gets into great detail about how three cartridges were found at the corner window, the cold drink bottle with the fried chicken and the Mannlicher rifle found nearby. He quotes Truly the superintendent. He quotes he cites Lumpkin using scores of firemen and policemen to search the building all these details that only somebody on the scene would know and then he cites an anonymous employee of the textbook firm who I think is in fact Truly stating, I’ve never seen this quote anywhere else, “I don’t know if you’re interested in this, but one of the fellows who works here is gone can’t find him anywhere. He’s 23, about five foot nine, weighs about 150 pounds. I’d have to check the payroll section to be sure, but I think he’s been here a couple months. His name is Lee Oswald.” And Biffle claims that he was there for a long period of time thereafter and left, and only after he left did he realize that Lee Oswald was the same person that was the focus of his articles and interactions with Marguerite four years earlier. I find that frankly impossible to believe.
Now, as an aside, I want to say that there were many other individuals that were key in this as well. Bob Schaefer from CBS News fame, he worked for the Star-Telegram, he drives Marguerite as it turns out at the police station; and Pierce Allman was camped out at the Book Depository, but never got past the first floor. Robert McNeil was writing for the Dallas Times Herald. He was working, he was at the Book Depository, but never got past the first floor as well. And then he headed off to Parkland. Jim, his partner later on, Jim Lehrer, who also wrote for the Times Herald. He heard the discussion not to use the bubble top, which was amazing. There’s so much that can be said about the Dallas press and their various roles. But for today, my focus is on Biffle and his colleagues in the big picture, how they framed this story to kind of ruin what happened.
Specifically, I want to call people’s attention to people like Forrest Sorrells who entered the building and said that he came upon a Negro janitor who hadn’t seen anybody leave through that door. Sorrells asked for the manager and was shown to Mr. Truly. Sorrells asked that a list be prepared of the names and addresses for all the employees of the book depository. He was looking for potential witnesses and had no basis for suspecting an employee; well, we know the story of the roll call and I’m going to get there in just a moment. The fellow who ran the story of the roll call was Pat Ganaway. He was in charge of the Special Services Bureau which was basically the intelligence wing of the Dallas police, and there was a description this is Gaeton Fonzi wrote about this back in ’71:
A description of Oswald, for instance, went out over the police radio within 15 minutes after Kennedy was killed. Captain Ganaway, in charge of the police’s Special Service Bureau, later explained that Oswald’s description was broadcast because he was missing from a roll call of the Book Depository employees. He was the only one who didn’t show up and couldn’t be accounted for.
And Gaeton points out, as most of us know, I think, that the facts are that there was no roll call. That 48 of the 75 employees were outside when the president was shot. And that Ganaway quote is picked up in the Dallas Morning News the next day. “He was the only one who didn’t show up and couldn’t be accounted for.” So again, 48 were outside at 12:30, five had not reported for work that day. Others left the building almost immediately upon hearing the shots. Many employees were not allowed to enter the building after the assassination and thus were absent when the police search began. But Mr. Biffle, who had spent much of the afternoon in the building where he’d witnessed officers discovering the rifle, the shells and more, he claimed that he saw two roll calls. He says at the second one at 2:30, everyone was there, but Oswald. Oswald, of course, was already in custody by 2 o’clock. 73 FBI reports reveal 41 were in custody or had left by 2:30. So, this is utter nonsense in his story from November 23rd.
And Ganaway, in fact, with Revill, are party to the famous Kaminski list of the names and addresses of the employees at the location where the Harvey Lee Oswald name comes up as first in line. And then there’s all these check marks on that list pointing out who we hasn’t been able to interview yet. So, this whole roll call business is utter and complete nonsense.
There’s a second story that Kent Biffle writes the same day saying suspected killer defected to Russia in ’59. And I’m going to read the last two paragraphs of this incredibly detailed article, which state that, “The Fair Play for a Cuba Committee founded in New York in 1960 as a group dedicated to supporting the government and policies of Cuban premier Fidel Castro. The group announced its formation in a full-page ad in a New York newspaper. The Senate Internal Security Subcommittee investigating the financing of the ad found that the money came from the Cuban Mission to the United Nations.” Dozens of very deep pieces of information pre -internet that the local columnist has in his article one of, you know, at least two if not more from that day while neglecting to tell us he was on the scene that day. Biffle goes on by November 28th to write an incredibly detailed article about Oswald and his supposed acting alone that day, and it’s so well written, that I suspect it was the model for what’s known as Commission Document 1, which was created about 10 days later by the FBI as its report on the assassination. I think it was one of the main documents they relied on. And it, in turn, CD1 is the framework for nothing less than the Warren Report itself. As many of us know, the FBI investigation was virtually what was rubber stamped by the Warren Commission. They did very little writing of their own.
So, the Kent Biffle story, I ask it this way, was he witting or unwitting? Was he simply given all these leads and told to shut up and your career will be much better and he basically was a cover -up participant, or is it possible that he was even part of the set -up itself? More to discover. But Biffle has not gotten the focus he deserves. He is one of the many people of a dozen or more, I’d say, that I would consider persons of interest in the assassination of the president.
Thank you.
[END OF LECTURE]
ALAN DALE: Thank you, Bill. May I ask a couple of quick things, touch upon a couple of quick things with you?
BILL SIMPICH: Sure. You like the story?
ALAN DALE: Yes.
BILL SIMPICH: Have you ever heard it before?
ALAN DALE: I’ve heard elements of it. News to me that Biffle and Alyea referred to Secret Service during the search.
BILL SIMPICH: I had never seen that till just a few weeks ago. I found that almost by accident.
ALAN DALE: And I, I’ve never heard that most of Alyea’s film was accidentally destroyed or went missing?
BILL SIMPICH: Yes, destroyed
ALAN DALE: Great.
BILL SIMPICH: Yeah, no kidding.
ALAN DALE: Yeah. When do we think that Kent Biffle is (finally) drawing attention to himself by making the connection that this figure, Lee Oswald, is the same person that he was focused upon some time earlier in relation to the Marguerite Oswald angle.
BILL SIMPICH: Biffle doesn’t talk about his connection with Oswald for decades.
ALAN DALE: Oh my God, I didn’t realize that.
BILL SIMPICH: No, he never, I mean, why isn’t he touting himself? I mean, this is kind of what one of the things I wanted to explore. The biggest reason I have a hard time believing that Biffle was part of the setup for the hit, was the fact that he worked with Oswald’s family so closely in ’59 and ’60. It’s stunning to me that nobody found this before me. The person, of course, who led me sort of towards it was Peter Dale Scott, who couldn’t understand why Marguerite was reporting to the Star-Telegram all this, you know, getting her mail there and shit. And that’s what led me to it. I was like, Jesus Christ. I mean, you go through those early Fort Worth newspapers, it’s unbelievable.
ALAN DALE: Yeah. I get it.
BILL SIMPICH: So, but the part that I’m really I’m glad we’re waxing about is the part I really don’t understand is why in the world wouldn’t Biffle try to make his career on the fact that he knew Oswald back in ’59…
ALAN DALE: Exactly the way Pamela or whatever… Priscilla McMillan did.
BILL SIMPICH: Right. Right. I mean, that kind of notoriety vaults your career.
ALAN DALE: It draws attention to itself as arguably inexplicable. It seems perverse.
BILL SIMPICH: Yeah, and he does he didn’t do it on day one and he didn’t do it on day seven and he didn’t do it till year 20, and even then he low balled it.
ALAN DALE: Yeah, astounding.
BILL SIMPICH: So anyway, I mean, for like a year, I was like, this guy’s part of the hit, but now, now I’m getting more nuanced. I’m like, I’m not convinced he’s part of the hit. I think he was being coached by people who were part of the hit.
ALAN DALE: That’s very plausible.
BILL SIMPICH: Yeah, because why else are they telling him to shut up? It makes no sense for him to be shutting up.
ALAN DALE: Thank you so much for participating.
BILL SIMPICH: See you in a bit.
Bill Simpich: Civil Rights attorney, author of ground-breaking articles focusing on the hidden intricacies of the CIA, a leading and insightful analyst of the intelligence files associated with Lee Harvey Oswald’s enigmatic episode in Mexico City seven weeks prior to President Kennedy’s assassination. Bill’s eBook, State Secret, was published in 2013 and may be read in its entirety courtesy of Bill and the Mary Ferrell Foundation: State Secret: Wiretapping in Mexico City, Double Agents, and the Framing of Lee Oswald.
The Twelve Who Built the Oswald Legend is the story of twelve individuals with intelligence connections who shaped the life and stories around Lee Oswald – who built his “legend.” From Oswald’s sojourn to the Soviet Union to his time as a re-defector in the US South, Bill sifts through the record to uncover surprising truths about the man and his legend.
This series is the backstory of the research that culminated in Bill’s book State Secret. A brand-new preface, epilogue, and the text of each essay – including links to the primary documents in the National Archives – can be read by clicking HERE.
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